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attract the readers attention - must suggest the theme of the article. · BODY • should comes in two to three paragraphs inan ng to two of the issues given in the task every single paragraph should include a contro- - ling raed (main point) and supporting senten. -ces (further description of the main point), as well as concluding sentences it can serve as a form of any other formay writ -ing and us structure (eg essay or review). "On one hand, the other hand! #t People often claim, that.. / It is often claimed." -1, Anyone wishing to showed. " 0 INTRODUCTION define the topic to be covered and keeps the readers' attention - Have you ever wondered...? If the answer is (yes). you should it If you want a different kind of experience." Η Nokia days a very popular topic is " According to the latest research data CONCLUSION chos de the together the main points ouready made ear. -Wer in the paragraphs 0 (1 D give a particular conclusion on the theme st- ·ated in the introduction. ++ - Hopefully / What will the fullure of be 2 Perha ps in the future. " FORMAL AND SEMI-FORMAL WRITING • FORMAL (reports and moposals). INTRODUCTION • The main purpose of/ aim of this (report) is to outline. This report looks at..." MAKING RECOMMENDATIONS/CONCLUDING It is clear / with regard to. / The general view/ public seems to be" d # In the light of / It would be a good idea to It would be more advisable/practical to /A more spacious idea would be the solution An effective way of ... 1/ -To improve the situation, we recommend." In the short / long term, we suggest you should consider. 4 # To sum up/ conclude... - Thope that the plan/recommendations outl- mual presented in this (report) meets with your ap- prevall will receive your serious considuration." STYLE 10 • do not use contractions ( short forms) use passive forms Whennever possible use relative causes to join / / sentences/ideas, leg..... (of uncertainity D use only formal and sophisticated vocabula -ry, eg. the such, a lot of a large mume or of a great amount of a lot 2519- -mificantly/aramaticall •Quand using words, thing or something etc, use more speanic ones such as subjects, moblems situations solutions. a 0 SEMI-FORMAL (reviews and articles) it ADRESSING THE READER 11 If you have a few hours to spare." it + Doesn't it just make everyone feel positive about?" GIVING YOUR OPINION + X is intended for It has dearly been a good idea to " GIVING PRACTICAL INFORMATION people/popular with..." - Anyone wishing to (apply) should. () offers provides a great range of.. STYLE . (( (1 • don't amet the subject promoun (in eg passive) • however, do not use unnecessary subject premains • make sure that the subject and the vero cooperate OTHER USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES AGREEMENT: Share the view, that, there is widespr -ead agreement, it is widely accepted that O DISAGREEMENT Omnions duffer about, there has been a great deal of controversy... ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES: benefit, advanta des dearly outweigh the disadvantages. CAUSE lead to bring about, alverise, trigger contribu- te to be responsible for EFFECT impact/influence on implications. EMPHASIZING Stress that, it is North bearing in mind, that play a vital party crucial role it is essention PROBLEMS issue, challenge, difficulty, double set- -back, obstacle, dilemma, vicious arde, complication. • INCREASE go up, grow, expand double, triple quidraple, growth •ADMIRE respect, look up to think highly of have a high opinion of highly regarova/respected. BORING du tecudus, monotonous.. PLACES breathtaking, inspiring, spectacular spotless, unpleasant unsightly hideous, filthy. • NEW latest, innovative OLD cutdated obsolete. SUITABLE proper appropriate be suited to. AND as well as in addition to furthermore, moreover.. • OR alternatively, on the one/ other hana • IF as long as, om conation that provided (that). DECREASE go down, fall, arep, decline (in)... ADVANCED Soprusticated, high-tech. • SURPRISING unbelieveable, astonishing, star -ggiring, come as a shock I surprise, amare. O EXCITING throwing, gripping, exhilarating • PEOPLE auractive, goca-Locking, striking, Stunning IN BAD CONDITION dilapidated, run-down, ne- gledea, deprivated. VERY absolutely, extremety, highly, increas- ·bly remarkable, significantly • COMPARISONS a great deal/ fad much, a but Isughtly /barely, by farleasuy the (best) BECAUSE as since thanks to, due to owing to (the fact that). 0 WRITING A REPORT TITLE It should be relevant and eye-caining. BODY • each paragraph requires a heading. consists in to up to three paragraphs, each considering a separate issue there should be visible and obvious unks betul- -een the paragraphs. It should be considered/It is worth conside -ring 6 INTRODUCTION explain the purpose of the report. • butune what are you going to write about/describe /recommena. 1 The aum/purpose of this report is to examine. 16 4 It will also include/suggest/consider The report is based on .. D #1 CONCLUSION the together all of the points/suggestions made earlier in the paragraphs Secondly/Furthermore/ Moreover." Lastly /finany." - In fact / According to The future remains bleak/uncertain/promising..."Provided that these recommendations will be tar -ken into consideration... # I would strongly recommend that." o undude your ultimate conclusion / recommendar - tion Coupencing on the topic sometimes even ope- -nion).