Page 2: Types of Nucleotides and Their Functions

This section explores the various types of nucleotides and their specific roles in cellular processes, including energy transfer and enzyme activation.

Definition: ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy carrier in cells.

Example: Nucleotides can be classified based on their sugar type (deoxyribose or ribose) and the number of phosphate groups.

Highlight: The base-pairing rule (Chargaff's rule) states that A=T and G=C in DNA structure.

Page 3: DNA and RNA Localization and Structure

The page details the cellular locations of nucleic acids and their structural arrangements, including the DNA double helix and various RNA forms.

Vocabulary: Semi-conservative replication refers to the DNA copying process where each new double helix contains one old and one new strand.

Definition: Transcription is the process of copying DNA sequence information to create RNA molecules.

Highlight: DNA is found in the nucleus, chloroplasts, and mitochondria of cells.

Page 4: RNA Types and Their Functions

This section focuses on the different types of RNA molecules and their specific roles in protein synthesis and cellular function.

Definition: Ribosomes are cellular organelles where protein synthesis occurs.

Example: Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis.

Highlight: Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) catalyzes peptide bond formation during protein synthesis.