Present Simple Tense

The Present Simple tense is used to express habitual actions, general truths, and scheduled future events. It is formed by using the base form of the verb, adding -s/-es for third-person singular subjects.

Present Simple budowa (structure): Subject + verb in base form (-s/-es for third-person singular)

Present Simple: zastosowanie (usage):

1. Regular, repetitive actions or those lasting for an extended period. Example: She goes to school on Mondays.

2. Actions or states of a permanent nature. Example: I drink a lot of coffee.

3. Expressing feelings, emotions, and preferences. Example: I hate her.

4. Physical phenomena, rules, and regulations. Example: Water boils at 100 degrees.

5. Newspaper headlines. Example: The Key Witness Dies.

6. Narration. Example: She enters the room and shoots him.

7. Event reporting (e.g., TV commentary). Example: Messi wins the match!

8. Future actions that are part of a schedule, plan, or timetable. Example: The bus leaves at 10 p.m.

Highlight: The Present Simple is versatile and can be used to describe various situations, from daily routines to scientific facts.

Present Simple ćwiczenia (exercises): Practice using the Present Simple with frequency adverbs:

• Hardly ever
• Occasionally
• Seldom / Rarely
• Ever
• Never
• Always
• Sometimes
• Usually
• Once/Twice...
• Nowadays
• Every time/morning...
• Frequently / Often
• As a rule
• From time to time
• On a regular basis

Present Simple - pytania (questions):

• Yes/No questions: Do her parents sing to her? / Don't her parents sing to her?
• Wh-questions: What do her parents do? / How often do her parents sing?
• Subject questions: Who sings to her every week?

Example: "She plays tennis every Saturday" demonstrates a regular, habitual action in the Present Simple tense.

Vocabulary:

• FLY - FLIES
• PLAY - PLAYS

These examples show how the -s ending changes for certain verbs in the third person singular form.

Past Simple Tense

The Past Simple tense is used to describe completed actions or states in the past. It is formed by adding -ed to regular verbs or using the second form of irregular verbs.

Past Simple budowa (structure): Subject + verb in past tense form

For regular verbs, add -d/-ed (e.g., clean - cleaned, travel - travelled, try - tried) For irregular verbs, use the second column form

Past Simple - zastosowanie (usage):

1. Single events, states, or actions that occurred and were completed at a specific time in the past. Example: I read an interesting book yesterday.

2. Habitual or repeated states, actions, or sentences that took place in the past and have ended. Example: I swam every day when I was a child.

Highlight: The Past Simple is often used with specific time expressions that indicate when the action occurred in the past.

Past Simple określenia czasu (time expressions):

• Yesterday
• The other day
• Last (week, month, year)
• In 1995
• The day before yesterday
• Ago

Past Simple zdania (sentences):

• Negative: She didn't go to the park yesterday.
• Questions:
  • Yes/No questions: Did she go to the park? / Didn't she go to the park?
  • Wh-questions: When did she go? / Where did she go?
  • Subject questions: Who went to the park?

Example: The Past Simple tense allows us to talk about completed actions in the past, such as "I visited Paris last summer" or "She learned to play the piano when she was young."