Reported Speech: Tenses and Modal Verbs
This page offers a comprehensive overview of reported speech in English (mowa zależna angielski), focusing on the changes in tenses and modal verbs when converting direct speech to indirect speech.
The guide begins by listing modal verbs and their transformations in reported speech:
- will → would
- can/may → could/might
- shall → should
- must → must
- needn't → needn't
- ought (to) → ought (to)
Highlight: Modal verbs undergo specific changes in reported speech, with 'will' becoming 'would' and 'can/may' changing to 'could/might'.
The page then delves into various tense transformations:
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Present Simple to Past Simple
Example: "I am talented" → She said that he was very talented.
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Present Perfect to Past Perfect
Example: "He has sold our house" → They told us that they had sold their house.
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Past Simple to Past Perfect
Example: "Lizzie went abroad" → Chris said that Lizzie had gone abroad.
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Present Continuous to Past Continuous
Example: "I'm going to use a camera" → He said that he was going to use a camera.
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Past Continuous to Past Perfect Continuous
Example: "It was raining" → Peter told me it had been raining.
Example: "I had finished my homework" → He said that he had finished his homework.
The guide also covers changes in time expressions:
- now → then
- here → there
- this/these → that/those
- today → that day
- tomorrow → the next day/the following day
- yesterday → the day before
- next → the following
- ago → before
Vocabulary: Time expressions often change in reported speech to reflect the shift in perspective.
Additional tense transformations include:
- Past Perfect Simple (remains unchanged)
- Past Perfect Continuous (remains unchanged)
- Present Perfect Continuous to Past Perfect Continuous
- Future Simple to Conditional
Example: "I will cook tomorrow" → Tony said he would cook the next day.
- Future Perfect to Conditional Perfect
Example: "By tomorrow, I will have finished this book" → She said that by tomorrow she would have finished that book.
The page concludes with passive voice transformations:
- Present Passive to Past Passive
Example: "The book is written in English" → She said that the book was written in English.
- Present Passive Continuous to Past Passive Continuous
Example: "Many shops are being opened in the city centre" → He said that many shops were being opened in the city centre.
Definition: Reported speech, also known as indirect speech, is the act of reporting someone else's words without quoting them directly.
This comprehensive guide serves as an excellent resource for students preparing for a mowa zależna i niezależna sprawdzian klasa 7 or looking for mowa zależna angielski ćwiczenia. It provides a clear structure for understanding the complexities of reported speech (reported speech przykłady) in English.
