Prawo Hooke'a and Siła Sprężystości
This page introduces the fundamental concepts of prawo Hooke'a (Hooke's Law) and siła sprężystości (elastic force). It explains how these principles relate to the behavior of springs and elastic materials under stress.
Definition: Siła sprężystości is the force that acts when a body returns to its original shape after being deformed.
The page outlines the core principle of Hooke's Law, stating that the increase in length of a spring (ΔL) is directly proportional to the applied force (F). This relationship is expressed mathematically as:
F ~ ΔL and ΔL ~ F
Highlight: The direct proportionality between force and extension is the key principle of prawo Hooke'a.
The concept of współczynnik sprężystości (spring constant) is introduced, defined as the ratio of the force F stretching the spring to the increase in its length ΔL. This is represented by the equation:
k = F / ΔL
Vocabulary: Współczynnik sprężystości is a measure of a spring's stiffness, indicating how much force is needed to extend it by a given length.
The page then presents the formula for the force required to extend a spring:
F = k · ΔL
Example: This formula can be used to calculate the siła sprężystości needed to stretch a spring with a known spring constant by a specific length.
Finally, it's noted that the spring constant is independent of the applied force, making it a characteristic property of the spring itself.
Highlight: The independence of the spring constant from the applied force is crucial for understanding the prawo Hooke'a zastosowanie (applications of Hooke's Law) in various fields of physics and engineering.
