The January Uprising's causes and consequences marked a pivotal moment in Polish history under Russian partition. The uprising's aftermath led to significant social and political changes, particularly affecting Polish autonomy and cultural identity.
• Przyczyny powstania styczniowego included limited military capabilities, with Poles restricted to guerrilla warfare tactics and poorly equipped insurgents.
• Skutki powstania styczniowego were severe, including mass executions, property confiscation, and complete elimination of the Kingdom of Poland's autonomy.
• The uprising resulted in intensified Russification policies, particularly affecting language use in public spaces and institutions.
• Przebieg powstania styczniowego demonstrated the devastating impact on Polish society, leading to increased solidarity but also resignation about armed resistance.
