Page 2: Advanced Percentage Calculations and Price Changes

This page delves into more complex percentage calculations, focusing on price changes, discounts, and comparing values using percentages.

Key topics covered:

1. Calculating percentage increases and decreases
2. Determining price changes after multiple percentage adjustments
3. Converting percentages to fractions and vice versa

Example: A dress originally priced at 350 zł increased to 392 zł. The percentage increase is calculated by finding the difference (42 zł) and dividing it by the original price, resulting in a 12% increase.

Highlight: The page emphasizes the importance of understanding both increases and decreases in percentages, which is crucial for solving problems related to price changes and discounts.

Definition: Seasonal discount - A reduction in price typically offered during specific times of the year, often calculated as a percentage of the original price.

The page provides practical examples of price changes in retail scenarios, helping students understand how percentages are applied in everyday situations. It also covers the conversion between percentages and fractions, which is essential for more advanced mathematical operations.

Page 3: VAT Calculations and Real-World Applications

This page focuses on Value Added Tax (VAT) calculations, a crucial concept in business and economics. It explains how to calculate net and gross prices, as well as determining VAT rates.

Key topics covered:

1. Calculating net price from gross price with VAT
2. Determining VAT amount when given net and gross prices
3. Applying VAT to retail prices

Example: For a camera priced at 1107 zł including 23% VAT, the net price is calculated by dividing the gross price by 1.23, resulting in 900 zł net price and 207 zł VAT.

Highlight: Understanding VAT calculations is essential for business-related math problems and real-world financial situations.

Vocabulary: "Cena netto" - Net price, "Cena brutto" - Gross price (including VAT)

The page provides practical examples of VAT calculations in retail scenarios, such as determining the final price of furniture after adding VAT. It also includes an example of calculating the VAT rate for books, which is particularly relevant given the specific VAT rates for books and educational materials.

Definition: VAT (Value Added Tax) - A consumption tax placed on a product whenever value is added at each stage of the supply chain, from production to the point of sale.

This page effectively demonstrates how percentage calculations are applied in real-world financial contexts, bridging the gap between theoretical mathematics and practical applications.