Page 3: Nomenclature of Alkanes
This page focuses on the systematic naming of alkanes, particularly branched structures.
To name branched alkanes, follow these steps:
- Identify the longest carbon chain.
- Number the carbons in the longest chain.
- Name and locate the substituents.
- Write the full name of the alkane.
Highlight: Proper naming of alkanes is essential for clear communication in organic chemistry.
Examples of alkane nomenclature:
- 2-methylpentane: CH3-CHCH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
- 3-methylpentane: CH3-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-CH3
More complex examples include:
Example: 4-bromo-5,6-dichloro-3,7-dimethylnonane
Example: 3-chloro-5,5,6-trifluoro-2,3,4,6,7-pentamethyloctane
Example: 2,2-dibromo-6,7-dichloro-4-phenyl-3,3-difluoro-5-methyloctane
These examples demonstrate the application of nomenclature rules to increasingly complex alkane structures.
Vocabulary: Nomenclature is the system of names and terms used in a particular field of study or industry.
Understanding alkane nomenclature is crucial for accurately describing and identifying organic compounds in chemistry.