Symbolism and Death Scene in "The Sorrows of Young Werther"
The final pages of "Cierpienia młodego Wertera" are rich with symbolism and emotional intensity, culminating in Werther's tragic death scene.
Symbolism of Childhood
Throughout the novel, children symbolize innocence and purity, contrasting sharply with the complexities of adult life and societal expectations.
Example: Werther's interactions with children often provide moments of joy and respite from his emotional turmoil.
The Death Scene
Werther's suicide is meticulously planned and executed, with several symbolic elements:
- Borrowing pistols from Albert, touched by Lotte (implicating them in his death)
- Settling all affairs before his death
- Bidding farewell to loved ones
Quote: "Żegna się ze wszystkimi" (He bids farewell to everyone) - This action underscores the finality of Werther's decision.
Religious and Literary Allusions
The death scene is replete with religious and literary references:
- Allusions to the Bible, Psalms, and the Last Supper
- References to the Good Samaritan parable
- Mention of "Emilia Galotti," a play by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
Highlight: These allusions elevate Werther's death to a quasi-religious experience, reflecting the Romantic notion of the artist as a Christ-like figure.
Symbolic Details
Several details in the death scene carry symbolic weight:
- Werther's request for bread and wine (echoing the Eucharist)
- His blessing of Lotte and Albert
- The time of death at noon, symbolizing the zenith of his life and suffering
Burial and Aftermath
The novel concludes with Werther's burial:
- He is interred in the clothes he wore when he met Lotte (yellow waistcoat and blue coat)
- The burial site is by two linden trees
- Workmen carry the coffin, not clergymen, reflecting societal attitudes towards suicide
Vocabulary: Linden trees - Often associated with love and fertility in German folklore, adding a poignant touch to Werther's final resting place.
The novel's ending leaves a lasting impression, cementing "Cierpienia młodego Wertera" as a powerful exploration of love, suffering, and the human condition in the face of societal constraints.