Geometric Formulas for 2D Shapes
This page presents essential formulas for various two-dimensional geometric shapes, crucial for the egzamin ósmoklasisty 2023. These wzory matematyczne szkoła podstawowa PDF cover squares, rectangles, parallelograms, triangles, equilateral triangles, rhombuses, and trapezoids.
For squares, the formulas include area P=a2, perimeter Obw=4a, and diagonal length d=a√2. Rectangle formulas cover area P=ab and perimeter Obw=2a+2b. Parallelogram formulas focus on area P=a⋅h and perimeter Obw=2a+2b.
Triangle formulas are provided for general triangles, including area P=ah/2 and perimeter Obw=a+b+c. Special attention is given to equilateral triangles, with formulas for area P=a2√3/4, perimeter Obw=3a, and height h=a√3/2.
The rhombus section includes formulas for area using diagonals P=e⋅f/2 or base and height P=a⋅h. Trapezoid formulas cover area P=(a+bh/2) and perimeter Obw=a+b+2c.
Vocabulary: Obw stands for "obwód," which means perimeter in Polish.
Example: For a square with side length 5 cm, the area would be P = 5² = 25 cm², and the perimeter would be Obw = 4 · 5 = 20 cm.
Definition: The diagonal of a square d is the line segment connecting opposite corners, calculated using the formula d = a√2, where 'a' is the side length.
Highlight: The formula for the height of an equilateral triangle h=a√3/2 is particularly important for solving advanced geometry problems.
