Page 1: Alcohols and Their Properties
This page introduces jednofunkcyjne pochodne węglowodorów with a focus on alcohols. Alcohols are characterized by the presence of a hydroxyl group −OH attached to a carbon chain. The homologous series begins with methanol and continues through ethanol, propanol, butanol, and pentanol.
Vocabulary: Monohydroxy alcohols contain only one hydroxyl group, while polyhydroxy alcohols contain multiple hydroxyl groups.
Example: Ethanol (C₂H₅OH) is a colorless, flammable liquid that mixes well with water and has a characteristic odor.
Definition: The general formula for alcohols is CnH₂n+₁OH, where n represents the number of carbon atoms.
Highlight: Glycerol 1,2,3−triol is an important polyhydroxy alcohol used in various industrial applications.